水下摄影
在水下拍摄照片，通常是在水肺潜水，浮潜，游泳或从水下航行器或从水面下降的自动相机拍摄的照片，被称为水下摄影。这种类型的摄影会产生海洋生物，水下环境（包括沉船，地质特征，如洞穴系统和其他水下景观）和/或从事水下活动的人的图像。最近，当涉及到气候变化和污染问题时，水下图像也被用于记录水体及其生态系统的状态。
设备是这种类型的一个重要方面，因为默认情况下相机往往不防水。如果是，它们通常仅限于特定的深度。塑料袋中的GoPros或智能手机有时被用作进入水下摄影的门户，然后再投资更先进的相机设备和适当的，通常昂贵的水下外壳，用于特定相机。
在水中拍摄也伴随着镜头的调整，因为水会将镜头的视角降低25-30%。水的清晰度，波浪或气泡的存在，洋流，危险的海洋生物以及靠近海底都会影响拍摄。一天中的时间和相对于太阳的位置在如何捕获水下照片方面也是一个重要因素，所使用的相机的设置也是如此。因此，掌握这种类型更具挑战性，仅仅是由于设备的额外成本和拍摄环境的特殊安全问题。
UNDERWATER PHOTOGRAPHY
Taking photographs while underwater, usually while scuba diving, snorkeling, swimming, or from an underwater vehicle or automated camera lowered from the surface, is known as underwater photography. This type of photography results in images of marine life, the subaquatic environment (including shipwrecks, geological features such as cave systems and other underwater-scapes), and/or people pursuing underwater activities. More recently, underwater imagery has also been used to document the state of bodies of water and their ecosystems when it comes to issues of climate change and pollution.
Equipment is an important aspect of this genre as cameras tend not to be waterproof by default. If they are, they are usually limited to a particular depth. GoPros or smartphones in plastic pouches are sometimes used as a gateway into underwater photography before investing in more advanced camera equipment and proper, often expensive, underwater housing for a particular camera.
Shooting in water also comes with adjustments to the lens as water decreases the angle of view for a lens by 25-30%. Water clarity, the presence of waves or bubbles, currents, dangerous marine life, and proximity to the seafloor will all impact shots as well. Time of day and location in relation to the sun also play a significant factor in how underwater photos get captured, as do the settings of the camera being used. This genre is, therefore, more challenging to master, simply due to the additional costs for equipment and special safety concerns of the shooting environment.